文质彬彬·每日好词语 | 一画

　　一画

　　字面义指绘画用的线条，实际指绘画艺术的根本法则，亦为宇宙一切事物生成发展的普遍法则。清代画家石涛认为，宇宙万物都生成于原始的“一”，画家笔下的有形万物，亦由“一”创生并贯之以“一”。在石涛看来，“一”指“无”，绘画就是从“无”创生有形物象的过程；“一”又指“道”，既是绘画之“道”，又是宇宙万物之“道”，两者相通合“一”。“一画论”后来成为中国传统美学思想、画论的重要组成部分。

　　Oneness in Painting

　　While this literally means "lines employed in painting", it is used to refer to the fundamental rules guiding the art of painting and, furthermore, to the universal laws of the formation and development of everything in the universe. This notion was first put forward by the Qing-dynasty painter Shi Tao who held that all things in the universe derive from a single oneness. All tangible things under a painter's brush, likewise, forever have that oneness at their core. For him, oneness means naught. Painting is thus a process of generating tangible objects from nothing. This is also the ultimate dao-a combination of the way of painting with that of all things in the universe. The oneness in painting theory later became an important part of traditional Chinese aesthetic thought and painting theory.

　　引例

　　受之于远，得之最近；识之于近，役之于远。一画者，字画下手之浅近功夫也；变画者，用笔用墨之浅近法度也。（石涛《画语录·运腕章》）（领悟宇宙的普遍法则，须从身边最近的事物入手；在细微浅近的笔画之间，把握宇宙人生之道。“一画”是字画最粗浅的入门功夫；而它的千变万化，也是运笔用墨最基本的法度。）

　　To feel the universal laws of the nature, one needs to focus on the things at hand and capture the essence of life and the universe. Oneness in painting is the most basic skill of painting and calligraphy; its numerous variations are a most basic measure, too, for the execution of brush and ink. (Shi Tao: On the Principle and Techniques of Painting)