文质彬彬·每日好词语｜成竹于胸

　　成竹于胸

　　在文艺创作开始前，艺术形象已在头脑中生成。对于文艺创作者来说，情感、意志与物象需在心中结合，形成审美意象，完成这一艺术构思后，再运用技巧、借助物质材料外化为具体可感的作品。对于工艺设计者来说，则更强调理性思考，允许修改，而成竹在胸则是一种理想状态。

　　Have a Complete Image of the Bamboo Before Drawing It / Have a Fully Formed Picture in the Mind's Eye

　　This term means to have an image of the art in one's mind prior to artistic creation. For the creator of an artwork, concepts, feelings, intentions and objects should be integrated in the mind to form an aesthetic image. After this artistic conceptualization is completed, technique is used in conjunction with physical materials to form a tangible work. For a craft designer, the emphasis would be more on rational thinking, and revisions would be permissible. Having a fully formed picture in advance is an ideal state.

　　引例 故画竹必先得成竹于胸中，执笔熟视，乃见其所欲画者，急起从之，振笔直遂，以追其所见，如兔起鹘落，少纵则逝矣。（苏轼《文与可画筼筜谷偃竹记》）（所以说画竹一定要先在心中构思出竹子的完整形象，拿住画笔凝神注目，然后才可能在眼前浮现想要画的样子，这时要急速起笔，挥墨作画，一气呵成，临摹出浮现之景，这个过程就像兔子跃起、鹰隼俯冲一样迅速，稍过片刻，要描摹的形象就消失了。）

　　Thus when drawing bamboo, you must first have a complete image of the bamboo in your mind's eye. First hold the pen while carefully observing the bamboo; only then will the bamboo you wish to draw appear in your mind's eye. Then, as quickly as a leaping hare or a swooping raptor, you must wield your pen and capture this image in one go. The slightest letup and the image of the bamboo will be lost. (Su Shi: An Essay on Wen Yuke's Drawing "The Valley of Bamboos")